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CD45RO, a member of the CD45 family that includes CD45, CD45RA, and CD45RB, recognizes a 180-kilodalton (kd) isoform of the leucocyte common antigen (LCA). The CD45 antigen is a protein tyrosine phosphatase. In peripheral blood, the CD45RO antigen is present on approximately 40% of resting peripheral blood T lymphocytes, including the CD4 and CD8 subpopulations, as well as on most thymocytes and activated T lymphocytes. It is also expressed on monocytes, macrophages, and granulocytes. The CD45RO antigen is present at low density early in the T-lymphocyte maturation cycle. Upon activation by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or alloantigen, naive T lymphocytes first acquire CD45RO and then lose CD45RA. When these activated T lymphocytes are rechallenged, the cells that exhibit a secondary response are primarily CD45RO , leading to the concept that CD45RO cells are a primed population of memory T lymphocytes.
