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HLA-DPA1 belongs to the HLA class II α chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an α (DPA) and a β (DPB) chain, both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The α chain is approximately 33-35kDa and its gene contains 5 exons. Exon one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DP molecule both the α chain and the β chain contain the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities, resulting in up to 4 different molecules.ELISA
